05Idle settle — once scrolling stops, particles fall under a gravity value and settle slowly downward
Once the scroll value stops changing, the particles' rising-flow value turns off and a gravity value takes over, so they settle slowly while the page is still.
Best forA reading-screen background that settles down, a static section's background
STIFFNESSSETTLE_DAMPtriangleHold

<main class="stage">
<div class="sp" id="sp">
<p class="sp__hint">
<svg class="sp__ico" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M224 128a96 96 0 1 1-96-96a96 96 0 0 1 96 96" opacity=".2"/><path d="M232 128a104 104 0 0 1-208 0c0-41 23.81-78.36 60.66-95.27a8 8 0 0 1 6.68 14.54C60.15 61.59 40 93.27 40 128a88 88 0 0 0 176 0c0-34.73-20.15-66.41-51.34-80.73a8 8 0 0 1 6.68-14.54C208.19 49.64 232 87 232 128"/></g></svg>
<span>Let go and the trembling grid slowly settles down.</span>
</p>
<div class="sp__viewport" id="viewport" tabindex="0" role="region" aria-label="Particle idle scroll area">
<canvas class="sp__cv" id="cv" aria-hidden="true"></canvas>
<b class="sp__val" id="val" aria-hidden="true">0ms</b>
<div class="sp__track" aria-hidden="true"></div>
</div>
</div>
</main>@use "../../../../site/static/demo-tokens" as *;
// 변형 3개는 이 위 세 변수만 바꾼다. 계산 겹(감쇠 스프링)은 index.html 의 step() 에 있다.
$duration: 2s;
$easing: $ease-out;
$color: $subject-mint;
@include stage($stage-ink);
.sp {
--particle-color: #{$color};
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: $sp-2;
width: min(400px, 92vw);
}
.sp__hint {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: $sp-2;
margin: 0;
color: rgba($subject-cream, .78);
font-size: 12px;
font-weight: 500;
line-height: 1.3;
}
.sp__ico {
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
flex: none;
color: $color;
}
.sp__viewport {
position: relative;
width: 100%;
height: 176px;
overflow-y: auto;
overflow-x: hidden;
border-radius: $r-card;
background: rgba($subject-cream, .04);
touch-action: pan-y;
scrollbar-width: thin;
}
.sp__cv {
position: sticky;
top: 0;
left: 0;
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 176px;
}
.sp__track {
height: 320%;
}
.sp__val {
position: absolute;
top: $sp-2;
right: $sp-2;
padding: $sp-1 $sp-2;
border-radius: $r-pill;
background: rgba($stage-ink, .48);
color: $subject-cream;
font-size: 11px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 1.6;
pointer-events: none;
transition: opacity $duration $easing;
}
@media (max-width: 340px) {
.sp__hint { font-size: 11px; }
.sp__viewport, .sp__cv { height: 120px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.sp__viewport { scroll-behavior: auto; }
.sp__val { transition: none; }
}html, body {
margin: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.stage {
box-sizing: border-box;
min-height: 100vh;
display: grid;
place-items: center;
margin: 0;
background: #17141a;
font-family: -apple-system, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
padding: clamp(8px, 4vw, 24px);
}
.sp {
--particle-color: #4cd4a6;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 8px;
width: min(400px, 92vw);
}
.sp__hint {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 8px;
margin: 0;
color: rgba(255, 247, 230, 0.78);
font-size: 12px;
font-weight: 500;
line-height: 1.3;
}
.sp__ico {
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
flex: none;
color: #4cd4a6;
}
.sp__viewport {
position: relative;
width: 100%;
height: 176px;
overflow-y: auto;
overflow-x: hidden;
border-radius: 16px;
background: rgba(255, 247, 230, 0.04);
touch-action: pan-y;
scrollbar-width: thin;
}
.sp__cv {
position: sticky;
top: 0;
left: 0;
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 176px;
}
.sp__track {
height: 320%;
}
.sp__val {
position: absolute;
top: 8px;
right: 8px;
padding: 4px 8px;
border-radius: 999px;
background: rgba(23, 20, 26, 0.48);
color: #fff7e6;
font-size: 11px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 1.6;
pointer-events: none;
transition: opacity 2s ease-out;
}
@media (max-width: 340px) {
.sp__hint {
font-size: 11px;
}
.sp__viewport, .sp__cv {
height: 120px;
}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.sp__viewport {
scroll-behavior: auto;
}
.sp__val {
transition: none;
}
}(function () {
var root = document.getElementById('sp');
var viewport = document.getElementById('viewport');
var cv = document.getElementById('cv');
var ctx = cv.getContext('2d');
var val = document.getElementById('val');
var reduce = window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;
var isDemo = true;
function makeLcg(seed) {
var s = seed >>> 0;
return function () { s = (s * 1664525 + 1013904223) >>> 0; return s / 4294967296; };
}
var rng = makeLcg(2718281);
var css = getComputedStyle(root);
var PARTICLE_COLOR = css.getPropertyValue('--particle-color').trim() || '#4cd4a6';
// 계산 겹: 감쇠 스프링(gravity-damping spring) — 격자의 각 점은 스크롤 속도를 목표값(target)으로 쫓는
// 개별 스프링(STIFFNESS·SETTLE_DAMP)을 가진다. 스크롤이 멈추면 목표가 0 으로 떨어지며 서서히 가라앉는다.
var COLS = 7, ROWS = 5;
var STIFFNESS = 70; // 스프링 강성 (1/s^2 꼴)
var SETTLE_DAMP = 22; // 감쇠율 — 값이 낮을수록 오래 흔들리다 가라앉는다 (변형 대상 상수)
var DRIVE_GAIN = 0.09; // 스크롤 속도(px/s) → 목표 변위(px) 변환 계수
var W = 0, H = 0, dpr = 1;
var dots = [];
function fit() {
var r = viewport.getBoundingClientRect();
dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
W = r.width; H = r.height;
cv.width = Math.round(W * dpr);
cv.height = Math.round(H * dpr);
ctx.setTransform(dpr, 0, 0, dpr, 0, 0);
layoutDots();
}
function layoutDots() {
dots = [];
for (var row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
for (var col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
dots.push({
rx: (col + 0.5) / COLS * W,
ry: (row + 0.5) / ROWS * H,
dispX: 0, velX: 0,
stiff: STIFFNESS * (0.75 + rng() * 0.5),
r: 2.4 + rng() * 1.4
});
}
}
}
var scrollPos = 0, scrollVel = 0, scrollDir = 0, idleMs = 0, lastTop = 0, lastT = 0;
function sampleScroll(now) {
var top = viewport.scrollTop;
var max = Math.max(1, viewport.scrollHeight - viewport.clientHeight);
scrollPos = top / max;
var dt = lastT ? Math.max(1, now - lastT) : 16;
var v = (top - lastTop) / dt * 1000;
scrollVel += (v - scrollVel) * 0.3;
if (Math.abs(scrollVel) > 4) { scrollDir = scrollVel > 0 ? 1 : -1; idleMs = 0; } else { idleMs += dt; }
lastTop = top; lastT = now;
}
viewport.addEventListener('scroll', function () {
sampleScroll(performance.now());
if (reduce) paintStatic();
});
function human() { if (isDemo) { root.classList.remove('is-demo'); isDemo = false; } }
['wheel', 'touchstart', 'pointerdown'].forEach(function (evt) {
viewport.addEventListener(evt, human, { passive: true });
});
function step(dtSec) {
var target = scrollVel * DRIVE_GAIN;
for (var i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
var d = dots[i];
var acc = (target - d.dispX) * d.stiff - d.velX * SETTLE_DAMP;
d.velX += acc * dtSec;
d.dispX += d.velX * dtSec;
}
}
function paint() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, W, H);
ctx.fillStyle = PARTICLE_COLOR;
for (var i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
var d = dots[i];
var settle = Math.max(0, 1 - Math.min(1, idleMs / 900));
ctx.globalAlpha = 0.5 + Math.min(0.4, Math.abs(d.velX) * 0.01) + settle * 0.05;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(d.rx + d.dispX, d.ry, d.r, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
}
ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
}
function updateVal() { val.textContent = Math.min(999, Math.round(idleMs)) + 'ms'; }
function paintStatic() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, W, H);
ctx.fillStyle = PARTICLE_COLOR;
var settleDisp = scrollDir === 0 ? 0 : scrollPos * 6 * scrollDir;
for (var i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
var d = dots[i];
ctx.globalAlpha = 0.6;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(d.rx + settleDisp, d.ry, d.r, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
}
ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
updateVal();
}
var lastFrameT = 0;
function frame(now) {
if (!lastFrameT) lastFrameT = now;
var dtSec = Math.min(0.05, (now - lastFrameT) / 1000);
lastFrameT = now;
step(dtSec);
paint();
updateVal();
requestAnimationFrame(frame);
}
var DRIVE_PERIOD_MS = 2000;
var driveStart = 0;
function triangleHold(frac) {
// 절반은 세게 훑고 절반은 멈춰 있어야 "정지 가라앉음" 이 캡처 구간 안에서 보인다
if (frac < 0.32) return frac / 0.32;
if (frac < 0.5) return 1;
if (frac < 0.82) return 1 - (frac - 0.5) / 0.32;
return 0;
}
function driveTick(now) {
if (!driveStart) driveStart = now;
if (isDemo && !reduce) {
var frac = ((now - driveStart) % DRIVE_PERIOD_MS) / DRIVE_PERIOD_MS;
var w = triangleHold(frac);
var max = Math.max(1, viewport.scrollHeight - viewport.clientHeight);
viewport.scrollTop = w * max;
}
requestAnimationFrame(driveTick);
}
window.addEventListener('resize', fit);
fit();
if (reduce) {
root.classList.add('is-still');
sampleScroll(performance.now());
paintStatic();
} else {
requestAnimationFrame(frame);
requestAnimationFrame(driveTick);
}
})();// IdleSettle — vanilla 판(run/370/demo/05-scroll-particle-idle-settle/index.html) 의 React 포트.
// 계산 겹: 감쇠 스프링(gravity-damping spring) — 격자의 각 점은 스크롤 속도를 목표값(target)으로 쫓는
// 개별 스프링(STIFFNESS·SETTLE_DAMP)을 가진다. 스크롤이 멈추면 목표가 0 으로 떨어지며 서서히 가라앉는다.
import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
import styles from "./IdleSettle.module.scss";
type Box<T> = { current: T };
interface Dot { rx: number; ry: number; dispX: number; velX: number; stiff: number; r: number; }
export default function IdleSettle() {
const rootRef = useRef(null) as unknown as Box<HTMLDivElement>;
const viewportRef = useRef(null) as unknown as Box<HTMLDivElement>;
const canvasRef = useRef(null) as unknown as Box<HTMLCanvasElement>;
const valRef = useRef(null) as unknown as Box<HTMLElement>;
const rafFrameRef = useRef(0) as unknown as Box<number>;
const rafDriveRef = useRef(0) as unknown as Box<number>;
useEffect(() => {
const root = rootRef.current;
const viewport = viewportRef.current;
const canvas = canvasRef.current;
const val = valRef.current;
if (!root || !viewport || !canvas || !val) return;
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
if (!ctx) return;
const reduce = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
let isDemo = true;
function makeLcg(seed: number) {
let s = seed >>> 0;
return function () { s = (s * 1664525 + 1013904223) >>> 0; return s / 4294967296; };
}
const rng = makeLcg(2718281);
const css = getComputedStyle(root);
const PARTICLE_COLOR = css.getPropertyValue("--particle-color").trim() || "#4cd4a6";
const COLS = 7, ROWS = 5;
const STIFFNESS = 70;
const SETTLE_DAMP = 22;
const DRIVE_GAIN = 0.09;
let W = 0, H = 0, dpr = 1;
let dots: Dot[] = [];
function fit() {
const r = viewport!.getBoundingClientRect();
dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
W = r.width; H = r.height;
canvas!.width = Math.round(W * dpr);
canvas!.height = Math.round(H * dpr);
ctx!.setTransform(dpr, 0, 0, dpr, 0, 0);
layoutDots();
}
function layoutDots() {
dots = [];
for (let row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
dots.push({
rx: (col + 0.5) / COLS * W,
ry: (row + 0.5) / ROWS * H,
dispX: 0, velX: 0,
stiff: STIFFNESS * (0.75 + rng() * 0.5),
r: 2.4 + rng() * 1.4,
});
}
}
}
let scrollPos = 0, scrollVel = 0, scrollDir = 0, idleMs = 0, lastTop = 0, lastT = 0;
function sampleScroll(now: number) {
const top = viewport!.scrollTop;
const max = Math.max(1, viewport!.scrollHeight - viewport!.clientHeight);
scrollPos = top / max;
const dt = lastT ? Math.max(1, now - lastT) : 16;
const v = (top - lastTop) / dt * 1000;
scrollVel += (v - scrollVel) * 0.3;
if (Math.abs(scrollVel) > 4) { scrollDir = scrollVel > 0 ? 1 : -1; idleMs = 0; } else { idleMs += dt; }
lastTop = top; lastT = now;
}
function onScroll() {
sampleScroll(performance.now());
if (reduce) paintStatic();
}
viewport.addEventListener("scroll", onScroll);
function human() { if (isDemo) { isDemo = false; } }
viewport.addEventListener("wheel", human, { passive: true });
viewport.addEventListener("touchstart", human, { passive: true });
viewport.addEventListener("pointerdown", human, { passive: true });
function step(dtSec: number) {
const target = scrollVel * DRIVE_GAIN;
for (let i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
const d = dots[i];
const acc = (target - d.dispX) * d.stiff - d.velX * SETTLE_DAMP;
d.velX += acc * dtSec;
d.dispX += d.velX * dtSec;
}
}
function paint() {
ctx!.clearRect(0, 0, W, H);
ctx!.fillStyle = PARTICLE_COLOR;
for (let i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
const d = dots[i];
const settle = Math.max(0, 1 - Math.min(1, idleMs / 900));
ctx!.globalAlpha = 0.5 + Math.min(0.4, Math.abs(d.velX) * 0.01) + settle * 0.05;
ctx!.beginPath(); ctx!.arc(d.rx + d.dispX, d.ry, d.r, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx!.fill();
}
ctx!.globalAlpha = 1;
}
function updateVal() { val!.textContent = Math.min(999, Math.round(idleMs)) + "ms"; }
function paintStatic() {
ctx!.clearRect(0, 0, W, H);
ctx!.fillStyle = PARTICLE_COLOR;
const settleDisp = scrollDir === 0 ? 0 : scrollPos * 6 * scrollDir;
for (let i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
const d = dots[i];
ctx!.globalAlpha = 0.6;
ctx!.beginPath(); ctx!.arc(d.rx + settleDisp, d.ry, d.r, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx!.fill();
}
ctx!.globalAlpha = 1;
updateVal();
}
let lastFrameT = 0;
function frame(now: number) {
if (!lastFrameT) lastFrameT = now;
const dtSec = Math.min(0.05, (now - lastFrameT) / 1000);
lastFrameT = now;
step(dtSec);
paint();
updateVal();
rafFrameRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(frame);
}
const DRIVE_PERIOD_MS = 2000;
let driveStart = 0;
function triangleHold(frac: number) {
// 절반은 세게 훑고 절반은 멈춰 있어야 "정지 가라앉음" 이 캡처 구간 안에서 보인다
if (frac < 0.32) return frac / 0.32;
if (frac < 0.5) return 1;
if (frac < 0.82) return 1 - (frac - 0.5) / 0.32;
return 0;
}
function driveTick(now: number) {
if (!driveStart) driveStart = now;
if (isDemo && !reduce) {
const frac = ((now - driveStart) % DRIVE_PERIOD_MS) / DRIVE_PERIOD_MS;
const w = triangleHold(frac);
const max = Math.max(1, viewport!.scrollHeight - viewport!.clientHeight);
viewport!.scrollTop = w * max;
}
rafDriveRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(driveTick);
}
function onResize() { fit(); }
window.addEventListener("resize", onResize);
fit();
if (reduce) {
sampleScroll(performance.now());
paintStatic();
} else {
rafFrameRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(frame);
rafDriveRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(driveTick);
}
return () => {
window.removeEventListener("resize", onResize);
viewport.removeEventListener("scroll", onScroll);
viewport.removeEventListener("wheel", human);
viewport.removeEventListener("touchstart", human);
viewport.removeEventListener("pointerdown", human);
cancelAnimationFrame(rafFrameRef.current);
cancelAnimationFrame(rafDriveRef.current);
};
}, []);
return (
<main className={styles.stage}>
<div className={styles.root} ref={rootRef}>
<p className={styles.hint}>
<svg className={styles.icon} viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M224 128a96 96 0 1 1-96-96a96 96 0 0 1 96 96" opacity=".2" /><path d="M232 128a104 104 0 0 1-208 0c0-41 23.81-78.36 60.66-95.27a8 8 0 0 1 6.68 14.54C60.15 61.59 40 93.27 40 128a88 88 0 0 0 176 0c0-34.73-20.15-66.41-51.34-80.73a8 8 0 0 1 6.68-14.54C208.19 49.64 232 87 232 128" /></g></svg>
<span>손을 떼면 흔들리던 격자가 서서히 가라앉습니다</span>
</p>
<div className={styles.viewport} ref={viewportRef} tabIndex={0} role="region" aria-label="입자 정지 스크롤 영역">
<canvas className={styles.canvas} ref={canvasRef} aria-hidden="true" />
<b className={styles.val} ref={valRef} aria-hidden="true">0ms</b>
<div className={styles.track} aria-hidden="true" />
</div>
</div>
</main>
);
}05 Idle settle — once scrolling stops, particles fall under a gravity value and settle slowly downward — Measured area 8.342% · moving frames 23/23Original by GODRICH · SCSS and React ship in the zip · Moving Particles Background CSS: 9 Scroll Scenes
The post this demo lives in
Moving Particles Background CSS: 9 Scroll ScenesNine moving particles background CSS scenes: one speeds spawn with scroll velocity, one shifts each particle by depth, a See all demos in this post
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